A common side effect of diabetes is "peripheral
neuropathy," which causes loss of sensation in the extremities.
Ill-fitting shoes which rub or pinch the feet excessively can lead to
ulceration and foot injury, simply because the diabetic does not feel
the injury until it is too late. Properly fitted diabetic shoes are
very important in preventing such injuries. Companies specializing in pedorthics -- the design of footwear and specialty insoles to help
alleviate and/or prevent foot pain and injury -- manufacture special
shoes and insoles for diabetics.
Diabetic shoes are often wider and deeper than regular shoes, to make
room for special diabetic insoles. Pedorthic insoles for
diabetics are
generally custom made for the patient's feet, to ensure proper fit and
minimize rubbing and uneven weight distribution, preventing injury. It
is also important for a diabetic to have shoes with good air
circulation, meaning a lot of diabetic footwear features fabric or
sandal-style uppers.
It is very important for a diabetic to have their shoes custom fitted by
a trained professional, since they may not be able to feel an improper
fit, due to peripheral neuropathy. By ensuring proper fit and good air
circulation, properly designed diabetic shoes and insoles prevent
pressure ulcers, encourage good blood circulation, and allow the skin to
breathe.
Some things to look for in good shoe designs for diabetics are:
Diabetic Shoes need to have a breathable
construction - sandals and fabric shoes are good for this.
Deep and wide designs that allow room for
custom pedorthic insoles.
Designs with no interior seams (or covered
seams) to prevent
rubbing injurie.s
Diabetic Shoes need a roomy "toe box" to
prevent pinching or squeezing of the toes.
Elastic or easily adjustable fit, to prevent
the
diabetic shoe from sliding around on the feet.
Shoes and custom insoles which are specially designed to meet the needs
of
diabetes' feet will often be partially or fully covered by Medicare
or private insurance, offsetting the cost of the customization.